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We developed a multi-scale conservation planning framework for brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) within the Chesapeake Bay watershed that incorporates both land use and climate stressors. Our specific objectives were to (1) construct a continuous spatial model of brook trout distribution and habitat quality at the stream reach scale; (2) characterize brook trout vulnerability to climate change under a range of future climate scenarios; and (3) identify multi-scale restoration and protection priorities for brook trout across the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Boosted regression tree analysis predicted brook trout occurrence at the stream reach scale with a high degree of accuracy (CV AUC = 0.92) as a function of both natural (e.g., water temperature and precipitation) and anthropogenic (e.g., agriculture and urban development) landscape and climatic attributes. Current land use activities result in a predicted loss of occurrence in over 11,000 stream segments (40% of suitable habitat) and account for over 15,000 km (45% of current value) of lost functional brook trout fishery value (i.e., length-weighted occurrence probability) in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Climate change (increased ambient temperatures and altered precipitation) is projected to result in a loss of occurrence in at least 3000 additional segments (19% of current value) and at least 3000 km of functional fishery value (9% of current value) by 2062. Model outcomes were used to identify low- and high-quality stream segments within relatively intact and degraded sub-watersheds as restoration and protection priorities, respectively, and conservation priorities were targeted in watersheds with high projected resilience to climate change. Our results suggest that traditional restoration activities, such as habitat enhancement, riparian management, and barrier removal, may be able to recover a substantial amount of brook trout habitat lost to historic landscape change. However, restoration efforts must be designed within the context of expected impacts from climate change or those efforts may not produce long-term benefits to brook trout in this region.
Located in Science and Data / Brook Trout Related Publications
Technical information for gardeners, homeowners, farmers, and more.
Located in The Story of Wild Brook Trout / Landowner Resources
Image JPEG image Credit Freshwaters Illustrated
Photo of a brook trout underwater in Tennessee
Located in About EBTJV / EBTJV Management
Cross Brothers Dam Removal, Northfield VT
Vermont Natural Resources Council will remove a dam and restore stream habitat on one of the most popular trout rivers in Vermont.
Located in Projects / 2022 Projects
Image Culvert on Trail Fork
Trail fork culvert inlet
Located in Projects / 2021 Projects / Improving Connectivity for Reintroduced Native Brook Trout in Trail Fork of Big Creek, Cocke County, TN
Image Troff document Culvert on Trail Fork - outlet
Trail Fork culvert outlet
Located in Projects / 2021 Projects / Improving Connectivity for Reintroduced Native Brook Trout in Trail Fork of Big Creek, Cocke County, TN
Culvert Removal and Stream Restoration, Henderson Brook, Brownville, ME
Located in Projects / 2021 Projects
Project application/x-troff-me Culvert Removal and Stream Restoration, Henderson Brook, Brownville, ME
This project, completed in 2023, rectified the final barrier to native fish passage on Henderson Brook, connecting an additional 3.3 miles of existing Brook Trout habitat to the West Branch, and opening access for Atlantic salmon. Removal of the existing culvert, and replacement with an open bottom bridge and stream restoration, will lead to improved habitat conditions, reduced stream sedimentation, reduced flooding and improved recreation opportunities.
Located in Projects / 2021 Projects / Culvert Removal and Stream Restoration, Henderson Brook, Brownville, ME
For municipalities. Learn more about our Culvert Replacement Municipal Assistance Grant Program. There are approximately 25,000 culverts and small bridges in Massachusetts - the majority of which are undersized. Culverts that are too small can be barriers to fish and wildlife movement and cause flood hazards for communities. Massachusetts regulations call for culverts to meet the Stream Crossing Standards to help protect our natural resources and our communities. Find out here how the Division of Ecological Restoration (DER) can help your community with culvert replacements that meet these Standards and learn more about our Culvert Replacement Municipal Assistance Grant Program.
Located in The Story of Wild Brook Trout / Landowner Resources
Culvert Replacement, Blue Lick Run Tributary, Avilton, MD
The project restored connectivity within the Savage watershed, Maryland’s best EBT resource, improving fish passage to largely forested upstream habitat. Connectivity will increase population resilience and genetic diversity by providing access to cold water refugia during low flow periods and increasing foraging and spawning habitat availability.
Located in Projects / 2022 Projects